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Policy UpdateSairaj PatilBackgroundThe National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF) was launched by the Government of India in December 2013 to address a basic problem: the country had no common way to compare a diploma, an ITI certificate, and skills picked...
Faizan Zahoor KhanIntroductionIn the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir there was a three-tier system of local government provided for by the Jammu and Kashmir Panchayati Raj Act of 1989. The system consisted of three levels: the Halqa Panchayat...
Policy UpdateRashi KothariBackground & Structural ContextThe rapid digitization of retail payments in India—driven by UPI, 24/7 NEFT, RTGS, and mobile banking—has fundamentally reshaped consumer financial behavior (RBI, 2023; FSB, 2023). While this digital infrastructure has lowered transaction costs and...
Policy UpdateAyan BordoloiBackgroundThe divide between the rural and urban areas has long been the divide in India. According to the National Sample Survey Office data, only about 24 per cent of rural households have internet access, as against about...
Rinreichon H ShimrayIn the 18th Lok Sabha Elections, the overall female voters’ turnout was 65.78 percent, just .02 percent short of the overall male voters’ turnout, which amounted to 65.80 percent, marking the active participation of women in undertaking...
Pranjal PandeyIntroduction:Heatwave has no universal definition. In general, Heatwave refers to a prolonged period of excessively hot weather coupled with high humidity. Different countries have different definitions of heatwaves which is usually based on their population’s tolerance and average...
Policy UpdateBy Ayan BordoloiThe country has a large amount of battery waste being produced every year which includes lead-acid batteries from automobiles and telecom towers, portable batteries from mobile phones and laptops, industrial batteries used to power UPS and...
Policy UpdateBy Ayan BordoloiThe country has a large amount of battery waste being produced every year which includes lead-acid batteries from automobiles and telecom towers, portable batteries from mobile phones and laptops, industrial batteries used to power UPS and...
Policy UpdateAditya ChavanBackgroundIndia’s security environment has grown more complex, with threats now surfacing across land, maritime, air, cyber and space domains at the same time. This has raised the importance of jointness and integration among the Army, Navy and...
Sneha SharmaAbstractGenerative AI has moved from novelty to default study habit in Indian classrooms, raising a question policy has not yet fully answered: what happens to students’ thinking when AI starts doing the thinking for them? This article looks...
